El Niño Phenomenon Worsens Eye Conditions, Ophthalmologist Warns

The El Niño phenomenon, a result of global climate change and local climatic shifts, is now directly impacting public visual health, according to César Bernilla, an ophthalmologist at Oftalmosalud. This is evidenced by an unusual rise in consultations for eye allergies, dry eye syndrome, and blepharitis. These conditions are exacerbated by increased dust, extreme humidity, and abrupt temperature fluctuations. Elevated temperatures and wind gusts carry more dust, pollen, and pollutants, leading to a sharp increase in eye allergies characterized by intense itching, redness, and constant tearing. Additionally, heatwaves and prolonged air conditioning use accelerate tear evaporation, leaving eyes vulnerable to irritation and corneal micro-lesions. Blepharitis, an inflammation of the eyelids caused by blocked sebaceous glands, is also a significant concern. Warm weather boosts skin oil production, creating an ideal environment for Demodex mites, which naturally inhabit eyelash follicles. When climate disrupts the skin's ecosystem, these mites can multiply rapidly. Demodex-related blepharitis causes bothersome "dandruff" on eyelashes, persistent itching, and eyelash loss. If untreated, it can lead to severe dry eye by damaging ocular lubricating glands. To protect vision, Bernilla recommends eyelid hygiene using specific solutions or wipes, constant lubrication with preservative-free artificial tears, and physical protection with UV-blocking sunglasses. He also cautions against self-medicating with steroid eye drops, which can cause glaucoma or cataracts, and stresses the importance of identifying allergens and maintaining a clean living environment with anti-allergic bedding and damp cleaning methods.