Protein Lactylation: Mechanisms, Significance, and Clinical Implications in Health and Disease

The article "Protein lactylation in health and diseases: molecular mechanisms, biological significance, and clinical implications" explores the emerging field of protein lactylation. This post-translational modification involves the addition of a lactate group to proteins, a process that has garnered significant attention for its role in various biological functions and disease states. The authors delve into the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying lactylation, explaining how lactate is incorporated into proteins and the enzymes involved in this process. They further discuss the broad biological significance of protein lactylation, highlighting its involvement in cellular metabolism, energy production, and gene expression. The review also examines the critical clinical implications of lactylation, particularly its association with diseases such as cancer, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. Understanding these aspects is crucial for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The research presented underscores the potential of targeting protein lactylation for future medical interventions.